Dying monarch(y) ?

Are there any origins to be traced for the monarchal system? Is monarchy eternal and universal? For more recent opinons, I suggest you also have a look at the ‘politics’ category.

Is absurdism typical for the 20th century in the western world or is it as old as mankind? And if so, when did mankind start?

I would like to find out when absurdism started. The common opinion is that Martin Eslin used the term in a book, but was this really the first time? Aren’t there any other sources, traces?